Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement, balance, and coordination. It is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease, affecting an estimated 10 million people worldwide. The disease is caused by the loss of nerve cells (neurons) in the brain that produce a chemical messenger called dopamine.

The primary symptoms of Parkinson's disease include tremors, rigidity, slowness of movement (bradykinesia), and impaired balance and coordination. Other symptoms may include depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and cognitive impairment. Although there is currently no cure for Parkinson's disease, medications, physical therapy, and surgery can help manage the symptoms and improve quality of life.

There is active research ongoing to better understand the causes of Parkinson's disease and develop new treatments. Scientists are exploring potential disease-modifying therapies that aim to slow or stop the progression of the disease. Ongoing research includes gene therapy, stem cell therapy, and the use of neuroprotective agents. The hope is that future advancements will lead to more effective treatments and ultimately a cure for Parkinson's disease.