Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with an estimated 2.2 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths in 2020. It is the second most common cancer in men and the fourth most common in women. The main risk factor for lung cancer is smoking, which accounts for about 80-90% of cases. Other risk factors include exposure to secondhand smoke, radon gas, asbestos, and air pollution.

Lung cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, when the chances of successful treatment are lower. The most common type of lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for about 85% of cases. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the other main type of lung cancer and is less common. Treatment options for lung cancer depend on the stage of the disease and the patient's overall health.

Despite the challenges, there has been significant progress in the treatment of lung cancer in recent years. Targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and personalized medicine are just a few of the advancements that are helping to improve outcomes for patients with lung cancer. These treatments are designed to target specific genetic mutations or proteins that are involved in the growth and spread of cancer cells. As research continues, there is hope that lung cancer will become a manageable disease, offering patients a better chance at a longer, healthier life.